Pig farm business plan. Business plan for breeding pigs: profitability of the enterprise Costs of opening a pig farm

• Market prospects
• Product Description
• Recruitment
• Financial plan
• • • • Similar business ideas:

An example of a business plan for a pig farm for 30 sows, with monthly production of up to 6 tons of pork in live weight.

How much money do you need to open a pig farm?

According to preliminary calculations, to open a pig farm for 30 sows it will be necessary to invest about 18,910,000 rubles:

• Purchase of land - 1,200,000 rubles.
• Purchase of sows 80-90 kg (30 heads) - 510,000 rubles. (17 thousand rubles/head).
• Construction of a turnkey pig farm - RUB 14,400,000.
• Creation of feed reserves - 400,000 rubles.
• Business registration, approvals and permits - RUB 100,000.
• Other expenses - 300,000 rubles.
• Reserve capital - 2,000,000 rubles.

Step-by-step plan for opening a pig farm

The stages of starting a business involve performing the following sequential actions:

1. Search for sources of project financing
2. Business registration
3. Purchase and registration of land
4. Construction of a turnkey pig farm
5. Passing project approval procedures (Rospotrebnadzor, fire inspectorate, district administration, etc.)
6. Employment of workers
7. Creation of farm livestock
8. Purchase of feed and vitamins
9. Opening of production

Market prospects

Due to recent world events (sanctions), imports of livestock products into our country have decreased slightly. According to experts, by 2017, pork imports will decrease three times compared to 2013 (at that time imports were at their maximum). Of course, this will provide an opportunity for the development of domestic production. Increasing government support measures (feed subsidies and loans) and decreasing imports make entering the livestock business more and more attractive.

Product Description

According to the business plan, it is planned to keep mainly meat (bacon) pigs on the farm. First of all, these are breeds such as Landrace, Duroc, and Estonian Bacon. It is planned to sell pigs only in live weight. This will allow us not to open a slaughterhouse at the enterprise, maintain additional staff, control the quality of the product, etc. We also decided to refuse to sell piglets. The animal feeding diet assumes that by the age of 6 months the pig will gain weight of at least 100 kg. The average increase in live weight will be 700 - 800 grams. in a day. It is planned to produce an average of 12 piglets from one sow. In fact, the purchased 30 sows will make it possible to create a permanent farm population of 350 - 400 animals. According to preliminary calculations, about 60 pigs will be sold per month. The selling price will be 125 rubles/kg. (in live weight). The estimated revenue of the farm will be 650,000 rubles. per month. The farm will sell animals only after 8-10 months of work, when the first offspring of pigs are raised.

Download pig farming business plan

Choosing a location for a pig farm

To locate the farm, it is planned to purchase a plot of land from the municipality with a total area of ​​3,400 square meters. m. Purchase and registration costs will amount to 1.2 million rubles. Construction of a pig farm is a rather complex project that is best left to specialists. It is necessary to create optimal conditions for keeping pigs, build a feeding and watering system for animals, equip a fencing system, make floors, install ventilation, heating and think through a manure removal system. Therefore, the construction of a mini pig farm will be ordered on a turnkey basis from a specialized company. The construction price will be 12,000 rubles per square meter. The total area of ​​the complex will be 1200 square meters. m. Construction of a pig farm, therefore, will cost 14,400,000 rubles. As a result, we will receive a premises ready for keeping and breeding pigs, complete and equipped in accordance with all sanitary and fire safety standards.

Pig rearing technology

• Room temperature. For comfortable keeping of sows, the constant air temperature will be kept at 15 - 20 degrees.
• Air humidity. The pigsty will have an automatic ventilation system. High humidity should not be allowed in the room, as this leads to lethargy of animals, decreased immunity and the occurrence of colds.
• Access to water. Animals must have round-the-clock access to clean water, especially in the summer. Without proper watering, animals' appetite and overall digestibility of feed decrease. Pregnant sows consume about 25 liters per day.
• Area per head. An area of ​​at least three square meters will be allocated to keep one pig.

Recruitment

To operate the farm, it is planned to employ the following workers: pig breeders, veterinarian, livestock specialist, general workers, supply manager.

The staffing will include 8 permanent employees. The wage fund per month will be 124,000 rubles, per year - 1,4888,000 rubles. Accountant services are planned to be outsourced (incoming). Payment for accounting services will cost 8,000 rubles per month.

Which tax system to choose for a pig farm

A limited liability company consisting of two founders will be registered as an organizational form. The taxation system for the economy will be the Unified Agricultural Tax (USAT). Under such a system, tax payments will be only 6% of farm profits.

Financial plan

Let's move on to calculating the main indicators of production efficiency. Monthly expenses of a pig farm for 350 heads according to the business plan:

• Salary - 124,000 rubles.
• Insurance deductions - 37,200 rubles.
• Utility bills (electricity, water) - RUB 30,000.
• Feed consumption - 157,500 rubles. (450 rub./head.)
• Accounting services - 8000 rub.
• Other expenses (veterinary drugs, fuels and lubricants, etc.) - 20,000 rubles.
• Total - 376,700 rubles.

How much can you earn on a pig farm?

According to the calculations of the business plan, the net profit of the pig farm per month will be 256,902 rubles. The farm's profitability is 68%. With such indicators, the project pays for itself in 6 years of operation of the pig farm.

We recommend download pig farming business plan, from our partners, with a quality guarantee. This is a full-fledged, ready-made project that you will not find in the public domain. Contents of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

High-quality pork has always been the most in demand among other types of meat. It has excellent taste and nutritional value. To ensure their family has constant access to meat products, many people keep a pig or two at home. And some consider pig farming as a business. If you have a carefully developed business plan, such an enterprise will quickly pay for itself and bring significant profits.

Primary activity

Pig farming as a business is quite a complex business, especially if you start it from scratch. It requires a serious investment of money, labor and time. And before seriously moving on to organizing such a business, you need to carefully study all available sources of information on pig breeding and projects of existing successful farms.

After a certain amount of knowledge has accumulated, you can move directly to organizational issues. The first among them is the correct location of the pig farm. The creation of such enterprises near the city is prohibited by law. Therefore, it is important to have or purchase a plot somewhere in the countryside. In this case, an area of ​​30-50 acres will be quite enough. The main thing when choosing is that it meets the following requirements:

1. Minimum permitted distances to populated areas.
2. Regulated location relative to populated areas and other objects.
3. Minimum distance to the nearest public water sources.

This issue can be best resolved by contacting the district administration. Its representatives can help determine the required site that will meet all the requirements.

An important point is the sales market. This could be the sale of raw lard and meat to consumers, the nearest factory for the production of meat products, your own smokehouse and the sale of homemade meat products. A profitable solution would be to find several points of sale for pig by-products, which include animal blood, skin, and bones. In addition to meat products, many also sell small piglets to other farms. Not only the location of the farm, but also the livestock and composition of the herd depends on the specific type of marketing.

And finally, you need a clear business plan, without which pig farming is doomed to failure. It must contain clear answers to all basic questions, including the amount of feed reserves, financial costs, risks, and expected profits.

Instructions on how to open and what is needed for this?

When the very first organizational issues have been resolved, you can move on to working on more specific issues. And you should start by preparing all the documents necessary for such an enterprise.

Paperwork

Organizing a large pig farm is a serious step, and such activity must be supported by a number of documents. They will act as confirmation that the owner of the farm has official confirmation to raise pigs and sell products. To obtain all the necessary documents, you must contact the administration of the district in which you plan to do business. At the same time, already at this stage you need to have a fully prepared and thought-out business plan that will confirm the seriousness of the breeder’s intentions.

The main list of required documents for opening should include:

1. Permission for individual entrepreneurship.
2. Permission to build a pigsty and other outbuildings, as well as ordering an official project.
3. Permission to purchase or lease a suitable plot of land.

When purchasing pigs and selling meat products, permission from veterinary and other departments is also required.

Reference. When contacting representatives of the district administration, it would be useful to inquire about the availability of financial investments from the state for new enterprises.

Breed selection

Today there are more than 150 different breeds of domestic pigs. And in such a variety it is extremely easy for a novice breeder to get lost. Therefore, it is best to consult with experienced farmers you know before purchasing.

The optimal solution for a novice breeder would be to choose one breed for breeding. As a last resort, you can select two that are similar in content requirements. At the same time, in domestic open spaces the choice most often falls on the following varieties:

1. Northern Siberian. Pigs of this breed are classified as meat-greasy. The meat yield from the total weight is 55%. The average weight of the animal is 240 kg. During farrowing, the sow gives birth to 10-12 piglets.
2. Large white. Most often purchased for cultivation on farms and pig farms. The average weight reaches 210 kg or more. A single litter ranges from 11 to 14 piglets. The breed is classified as meat-greasy. The pig is quite unpretentious in terms of feeding composition, but has a hard time surviving frosts.
3. Vietnamese black potbellied. This breed is becoming increasingly popular among Russian breeders. It belongs to the bacon variety. Pigs are highly resistant to diseases, undemanding in terms of nutrition and maintenance, and cleanliness. On average, a sow gives birth to up to 10 piglets per litter. The weight of an adult rarely exceeds 140 kg.

You can buy both adult pigs and piglets for fattening. A combination option is often used.

Feeding and maintenance

The correct diet, its volumes and sources must be planned before purchasing a herd. This will allow you to constantly increase business profitability and avoid a number of problems and risks. On average, a livestock of 350 individuals consumes 35 tons of grain and 300-350 kg of special additives per year. It is also necessary to purchase a sufficient amount of vitamin complexes, premixes, and formulations for feeding pregnant sows. In addition, it is best to purchase feed from familiar sellers. But, you always need to have several backup options in reserve.

And it is better, from the very beginning of the business, to select an experienced livestock specialist and staff who will control the main nuances of maintaining the herd. They will be able to establish proper care for pregnant pigs, timely maintenance of young animals, as well as mating of pigs.

Search for premises

This point is key. The best solution here is the reconstruction of old pigsties that remained from the times of the USSR. They will cost much less than building a new building. In such buildings, the walls and roof are strengthened, drafts and leaks are eliminated. It is also important to thoroughly disinfect the premises to prevent the development of diseases, the pathogens of which may still persist in the underground floors and other parts of the building.

Immediately after acquiring the complex, it is necessary to plan which buildings will be used for granaries, staff offices, utility rooms and a laboratory. Separately in the pigsty you need to allocate an area for the maternity room.

Equipment purchase

When building a large pig farm, full automation will ensure more economical feed consumption, timely supply, and better care for animals. In this case, it is necessary to purchase additional equipment for the premises, among which are:

1. Heating systems. The best option is a solid fuel boiler with a piping system. Portable heaters are also often used.
2. Ensure proper ventilation. Systems with longitudinal or transverse supply and exhaust ventilation are suitable.
3. Feeding equipment. Automation of feeding is a highly desirable measure in large farms. It is implemented through a feed hopper with a conveyor or a spiral feed dispenser.
4. Systems for automatic manure removal. If there are no funds, you can allocate money for this for service personnel.

Recruitment

A separate part of the cost of organizing a farm should be allocated to personnel. It is best if it includes:

• livestock specialist;
• vet;
• general workers;
• accountant;
• a manager knowledgeable in the nuances of pig breeding.

You can expand or contract your staff on an individual basis, referring to the specifics of the farm’s tasks and production volumes.

Financial plan (profit, profitability)

It is mandatory to calculate the profitability of pig farming in the business plan. Of course, you can only roughly calculate the main costs and income, but still, they are worth identifying. The minimum cost will be at least 3 million rubles for the acquisition and maintenance of a livestock of 300-350 individuals. This includes:

1. Buying piglets. The average cost, depending on the breed, is 2-4 thousand rubles.
2. Procurement of feed. If you have your own plot of potatoes or other vegetables, you can save a lot on food for pigs. But, nevertheless, the minimum purchase for a year will be 30-35 tons of grain, 300 kg of additives, mineral complexes. On average, this part will cost about 1 million rubles.
3. Payment of utilities and rent of a pigsty.
4. Workers' salaries. So the average salary for a handyman will be 8 thousand rubles. The veterinarian must be paid at least 25 thousand per month. As staff expands, costs increase.

Now, regarding income. If you select about 130 sows from the herd for breeding work, fatten 150 heads for slaughter for meat, and use about 20-30 boars for mating per year, you can get from 3-3.2 million rubles per year. It is supposed to sell meat and lard, piglets for breeding, as well as by-products. Of this amount, the lion's share goes to replenishing feed supplies, paying for communications, rent, transport services, and staff salaries. On average, about a million rubles of net profit remains. At this pace, in 2.5-3 years the business will fully pay for itself and begin to make a profit.

It is worth noting that when drawing up an individual business plan for a pig farm, the numbers may be completely different. You need to take into account prices and tariffs in the region, opportunities to save on feed, and receive government financial support. Therefore, when determining the profitability of the entire enterprise, it is necessary to carefully calculate each item, having previously found out the current prices.

Possible risks

When planning your own pig-breeding business, you also cannot ignore various unexpected factors (risks) that can negatively affect the process of breeding pigs. The main points include:

1. Epidemics. Various diseases are the most destructive problem for pig farming. The herd may decrease significantly in the absence of decisive measures, and the farm may be closed by the relevant structures.
2. Lack of demand for products. In certain periods, demand in markets may fall sharply, which negatively affects the profitability of the enterprise.
3. Fire. It can also cause considerable damage to a farm, and in the absence of high-quality fire safety measures, the negative impact increases significantly.
4. Elimination of the used feed source.

All of the above points must be taken into account when developing an enterprise plan. Moreover, each such risk must be prevented by procuring feed, medicines, and organizing an effective fire safety system.

Attention! The more risks a breeder takes into account, the less likely there will be an unexpected loss of productivity on the farm.

Conclusion

We can conclude that your own farm, focused on breeding pigs, is a completely profitable enterprise. If the basic rules for keeping animals and observing risks are observed, the pig farm will generate a net profit in 2-3 years. However, it is not necessary to start breeding pigs immediately with a large number of pigs. You can get your hands on small experimental farms, where it is also possible to raise capital for a larger enterprise.

A properly equipped pig farm will always be a profitable enterprise. Doing all the preparatory work, purchasing animals and caring for them is not at all as difficult as it might seem at first. The main thing is to calculate everything in advance, draw up an estimate, and prepare a competent business plan. The costs of setting up a pig farm will certainly pay off, and the enterprise will become a source of income.

A properly equipped pig farm will always be a profitable enterprise

First you need to select the location of the pig farm and obtain a package of permits. Then you can get a loan and start building a pigsty. In order for a 50-head pig farm to generate income, you need to choose the right location for the pigsty.

For the structure you need to choose a flat area located on a small hill. It is important that there are no natural bodies of water or wetlands nearby.

A forest belt located nearby will protect the pigsty from drafts and strong winds. The central axis of the room where the animals will be kept should run in the direction from south to north.

To protect your garden plot and residential buildings from unpleasant odors, the farm needs to be 15-20 m away from the house, while it is advisable to take into account the main wind direction in the region.

Pigs require a properly organized space. Farm productivity and animal health depend on this. Therefore, when planning to build a pigsty for 50 heads, you should remember that piglets, boars and sows must live separately.

The arrangement of the internal space requires the presence of such elements as:

• courtyard for walking animals;
• mating machines;
• slaughterhouse;
• compartment for keeping animals in quarantine.

It is important to take into account that a pigsty for 50 heads must be arranged so that pets of different age groups and genders are kept separately from each other.

The layout of pig compartments is determined according to the main purpose of their breeding. For fattening, animals can be kept in common compartments. Additionally, only compartments for sows will be needed. Warehouses for storing food supplies, animal care items and other supplies are best located in a separate building located near the pigsty.

Pigs need to be kept warm, clean and with sufficient light. Therefore, it is necessary to install windows in the pigsty. In addition, it is necessary to provide a heating system, install plumbing, and protect the room from drafts during the cold season.

Animal pens are usually located along the side walls of the pigsty. There must be a passage in the middle. This will ensure free movement of workers, passage of wheelbarrows or carts with feed, etc.

Pig farm of the 21st century (video)

Pig farm dimensions

You need to build a pig farm with your own hands according to a pre-drawn plan. A competent pigsty design requires 2.5 m² per head. Thus, for a pigsty for 50 heads, at least 200 m² is required.

Main parameters of the pigsty:

• width of the feed passage - 2 m;
• width of the transverse passage - from 1.5 to 2 m;
• depth of the compartment (pen) for pigs - 3 m;
• pen for pigs - 12 m.

The dimensions of the compartment for young animals are determined at the rate of 0.6-1 m² per 1 pig. Additionally, it is necessary to add another 50-60 m² for office space, passages for farm workers and other purposes.

Preparing for work

All tools and materials must be prepared in accordance with the estimate and construction plan. It is advisable to purchase everything with a small margin in case of errors in calculations.

Tools and equipment for work you will need:

• shovels - shovel and bayonet;
• electric drill or hammer drill;
• set of drills;
• hammer;
• construction tape;
• technical knife;
• set of spatulas;
• trowels;
• container for mixing the solution;
• construction mixer;
• plumb and level;
• rags and work clothes.

Among the consumables usually purchased:

• nails and other fasteners;
• brick and/or cinder blocks;
• crushed stone;
• sand and cement;
• wood - sheets, beams, slats;
• insulation;
• film waterproofing;
• slate, corrugated board or tiles.

When everything is ready, construction can begin.

Rules for building a pigsty

They begin to build the pigsty with their own hands according to a pre-prepared plan. An important point is the correct choice of building material. Concrete and other cold materials are not recommended. After all, pigs need to live warm.

It is better to make walls from brickwork, clay, wood or stone. The foundation and floor are filled with a solution based on a mixture of sand and cement.

The inside of the wall must be covered with sheet wood or plastic. Insulation must be installed to protect the room from condensation. For moisture insulation and insulation of all surfaces in the pigsty, it is better to use polystyrene foam and roofing felt. It is better to make the roof gable and provide a system for removing sedimentary moisture. For the final coating, it is better to use corrugated board, tiles or slate.

Indoor heating

When arranging a heating system with your own hands, you should take into account the climate of the region. To maintain the health and high productivity of pigs, the temperature in the compartments for adult pigs should not be lower than +5°C. Based on this, the power of the heating system should be calculated. To maintain heat, the pigsty must be thoroughly insulated. In areas with warm climates, this is often enough to provide pets with comfortable conditions.

Water supply system

The pig is a very clean animal. Therefore, a lot of water will be required. It is better to equip an automatic water supply system for the pigsty. This will greatly simplify animal care and allow you to keep the pig farm in perfect order. You can do the plumbing and sewage system in a pigsty with your own hands, using the advice and recommendations of experts.

Ventilation system

A large number of animals will invariably lead to air pollution with gases released. However, pigs desperately need a fresh atmosphere inside the pigsty. Therefore, good ventilation is the key to the successful functioning of a pig farm.

A ready-made system purchased in a store will help ensure proper air circulation. If you have the appropriate skills, you can arrange ventilation with your own hands. This will not only provide fresh air to the pigsty, but will also help maintain a temperature in the room favorable for keeping animals.

Ventilation must be arranged in such a way that the amount of air flow can be easily adjusted as needed: it increases in summer and decreases in winter. You can independently ventilate the room using a pipe ducted outside. For example, through a hole in the side wall or roof of a pigsty.

The upper end of the pipe must be protected with a cone-shaped metal cap. This will prevent sedimentary moisture and random objects from entering the room and protect against drafts. To intensify draft during cold periods, you need to install a small stove and/or other heating device at the lower end of the pipe.

Windows and doors

The correct arrangement of windows and doors and careful insulation of the room will help to avoid the appearance of drafts, which are destructive for pigs, and especially for piglets. It is better to make windows small. They are located at a height of approximately 1.5-1.6 m above floor level. Double glazing will help keep you warm during the winter cold. In hot weather, an open window will help to effectively ventilate the interior space.

Too bright light excites pigs and increases their physical activity. Anxious animals gain weight worse and get sick more often. Therefore, there is no need to have too many windows in the pigsty.

Room lighting

Natural light enters the pigsty through windows installed during construction. Additionally, electricity needs to be installed. You can do this yourself or invite a specialist.

For electric lighting of a pigsty, it is best to use a set of modern energy-saving lamps. This will allow you to significantly save on payment. It is imperative to ensure that there is a sufficient amount of light not only in the animal compartments, but also in the service areas. This will provide comfortable working conditions for farm staff.

Pig farm as a family business (video)

Foundation for a pigsty

Markings are made in advance on the selected area. This will allow you to properly equip the foundation with your own hands and provide a reliable foundation for the future pigsty.

First, you need to dig a small pit approximately 70 cm deep. Next, a foundation approximately 60 cm high is built from stone or concrete screed.

To protect against moisture along the perimeter of the foundation, it is necessary to make a blind area 70 cm wide. For this, you can use clay, asphalt, or concrete. A slight slope will ensure natural removal of sedimentary moisture. A waterproofing material and insulation material must be laid on top of the foundation. For example, film, roofing felt and/or roofing felt.

Pigpen walls

The walls of the pig house are built with your own hands from materials such as wood, brick, cinder blocks, rubble stone, foam concrete.

The required wall height is 2.5 m. The thickness is calculated in accordance with the climate in the region of location. For brickwork it is necessary - from 51 to 64 cm, for wooden walls - from 18 to 25 cm.

From the inside, protective upholstery and plaster are applied to the walls. The final layer is whitewash. The outside walls must be insulated and finishing material applied. You can build walls from sandwich panels. They consist of 2 layers of facing material, between which a layer of insulation is laid. Sandwich panels are a reliable building material. The only drawback of this option is the high cost.

It is better to invite specialists to work with sandwich panels. This will also incur additional costs. However, durability, strength and ease of maintenance will pay for all costs.

Roof and ceiling

To preserve heat in the internal space, the roof and ceiling of the pigsty are insulated with cinder blocks. Additionally, it is also necessary to apply a layer of sawdust and/or hay. This is especially necessary in areas where the winter temperature is -20°C or lower. The final roof covering is tiles, corrugated sheets or slate. The inside of the ceiling is covered with whitewash.

Solid and slotted floor

When building a pigsty with your own hands, it is extremely important to properly arrange the floor. This will ensure comfort for the animals and make cleaning the premises easier. It is important to consider that the floor in the passage needs to be made slightly lower than in pens for animals.

A solid floor must be made with special drains to remove moisture. It is also necessary to arrange a slight slope for rolling off manure and other waste. To collect and subsequently remove them, you need to make special grooves.

The floor must be insulated with rolled material and covered with a hygroscopic coating. For this, straw, sawdust, shavings and/or other natural materials are used. They are poured to a thickness of 2 to 6 cm. After settling the animals, you need to add fresh sawdust and/or straw cuts from time to time. Especially in those areas where pigs will relieve themselves.

Major cleaning is carried out periodically: the floor is cleared of used coating. Thorough cleaning is carried out. Then a new batch of fresh shavings, sawdust and/or straw is poured in.

Slit covering is practiced. Leaky floors are made from materials such as:

• boards;
• ceramic tile;
• plastic.

The slotted floor is laid slightly above the reinforced concrete base. Sloping and grooves for drainage and waste collection are required.

For small piglets, you can use heated plastic floors with a non-slip surface. For adult fattening animals, it is better to use a concrete floor. The main thing is that the animals’ hooves do not fall into the cracks. Waste products seep through the slotted covering and flow into a large reservoir. You can use an old bathtub for this. Waste removal, cleaning and disinfection in the pigsty must be carried out regularly. Otherwise, animals will gain weight poorly, often get sick and reproduce ineffectively.

Machines and feeders

Machines for this can be made with your own hands. To arrange partitions you can use:

• metal gratings;
• wooden boards;
• thick plastic.

It is imperative to build gates for the passage of animals and service personnel. The size of the gate is determined so that an adult can pass through freely. It is imperative to make fixing constipations - latches, hooks, latches.

Feeders should be hung near the gate. The standard tank volume for the main diet is 20 liters. Minerals, vitamins and nutritional supplements should be poured into small containers or special compartments located in the main feeder.

Feeders are usually made of wood. This is an inexpensive, accessible and easy-to-use material. To prevent pigs from chewing the wooden edges of the feeders, they need to be protected with a thin metal sheet. The main thing is that there are no sharp edges that could injure animals.

Purchase of animals and everything necessary

When the pigsty is ready, you need to purchase inventory and equipment, and hire maintenance personnel. The next stage is the purchase of animals and feed. Usually this is wheat, feed and special additives.

It is advisable to purchase pigs only from breeding farms. In this case, you need to check the presence of all the necessary documents and personally inspect each individual. After this, you can complete the transaction.

Kira Stoletova

If you love animals and want to work for yourself, then opening your own business may be the solution. Of all the business options, pig farming is the most popular among rural residents. Before engaging in this type of activity, you need to make a business plan for a mini-pig farm. Pork meat is a hot commodity, and the price for it is significant. Pigs are unpretentious; raising them does not require complex technologies. However, as in any business, here everything must be weighed and calculated in advance so that the expected benefits do not turn into losses.

A business plan for breeding pigs should consist of taking into account possible expenses and income, as well as points of sale for finished products.

A business plan for a pig farm can be drawn up either independently or by contacting specialists. It had to be clearly calculated, then the farmer would have all possible risks reduced to zero. Those involved in pig farming know that while caring for animals is not difficult, it does take time. In order for it to be enough, the animal owner’s daily routine must change. Pigs also require regular grooming; they only need to be fed several times a day. And at first, you will need initial capital in this business. To do this, a novice pig breeder must evaluate his strength physically and financially.

Basic moments

If the farm is planned to be small, for oneself, with the sale of surplus to friends, then the owner only needs to register a private household plot (personal plot). However, if a pig farm is planned on a large scale, it is more convenient to register this business as an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur). Of course, the persons who have formalized everything will have to make tax deductions and fill out the relevant papers in different organizations. But they will be able to raise as many pigs as they want.

It's worth drawing up a business plan. So, by writing down on paper all the expected income and expenses, a novice pig farmer will better see how much money he will need and for what purposes. If you don’t have much experience and don’t have too much finance, you should buy a few animals, and if things work out, then develop your business further.

For pig breeding, a business plan must be drawn up taking into account the climatic and regional characteristics of the breeder’s residence. It would be a good idea to ask if there are similar farms nearby where pigs are raised. If a person wants to seriously engage in pig breeding, then he cannot do without high-quality breeding animals.

Before purchasing animals, you need to decide on the breed, which should also be included in the business plan for breeding domestic pigs. Initially, you should focus on breeds that produce a lot of fat and meat. Breeding pigs only for breeding is not very profitable, since it will not be possible to obtain high-quality animals that meet all breed standards without the skills of a veterinarian or livestock specialist. However, this option should not be discounted: piglets can be sold if you suddenly need cash or if there is a shortage of feed, so this is profitable even if you have a mini-pig farm.

How to get maximum income from your business

Everyone knows that pigs produce meat and lard, so raising pig heads at home should focus on this aspect. However, other products for sale may also have a use. You should not refuse to sell skins, blood or even farm manure for sale. You just need to find out about the ways to sell all this product in advance.

Pork can be sold not only raw, but also cooked. Farm-produced smoked lard is always appreciated by lovers of meat products; minced meat, sausages and much more are readily purchased by both citizens and catering establishments. The simplest thing is to build a smokehouse. The advantage of such a solution will be not only additional income, but also a longer shelf life of the products sold.

All of the above must be taken into account when drawing up a business plan. It is also worth adding the following points:

• the cost of feed and where to purchase it;
• costs of maintaining a pig house;
• possible risks and ways to combat them;
• veterinary and zootechnical assistance.

Documentation for pig farming

Business and raising pigs is not only the sale and production of certain products. This is also documentation that legally regulates this activity. The need to deal with all sorts of legal and bureaucratic issues often frightens people who are not knowledgeable in such matters. In fact, it is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. It is best to register a pig farm where it will be located.

It is best to talk in advance with local authorities about doing business in the territory under their jurisdiction. It is advisable to do this with a business plan in hand so that both parties can clarify some issues. This will help the owner gain a reputation as a competent and serious owner with whom to deal. If a pig farm owner plans to hire help, officials are usually positive about this intention, as it will increase the number of jobs and contribute to the prosperity of the region as a whole.

Mini business plan for Vietnamese pigs

Pig Farm Business Plan From Scratch

PIG BREEDING OR MINI PIG FARM AS A BUSINESS IDEA. BUSINESS IDEAS

FARM FROM SCRATCH! WE'RE OPENING A FARM FROM SCRATCH! FROM THE VERY BEGINNING!

Business plan for creating a pig farm

In some regions where there is a large shortage of jobs, local authorities, on the contrary, encourage such manifestations of initiative in every possible way. They can help with choosing a site for construction, and with the preparation of documents and a loan. You can also find out the mechanism of special programs that operate in the regions to support small and medium-sized businesses.

Housing for pigs and its arrangement

After the documents allowing you to open a pig farm are ready, it is worth purchasing premises so that the farm can begin to function. It can either be specially built or converted to house pigs from a building of suitable dimensions. Of course, building a barn from scratch will be more expensive, but it can be immediately made warm and comfortable for raising animals. A home farm tailored to specific needs can be put up for sale even after the end of the meat business. Also, at your request, it will be possible to immediately connect light, water and sewerage to the premises.

If the farm is designed for 100, 300, 500 animals, then it is impossible to do without hiring hired workers. This means that the business plan must also include the costs of their wages, and the building design must include various utility rooms: an office, a change room, a laboratory, a utility room, a bathroom, and so on. Also, the farm must fully correspond to the number of livestock.

Pig farm premises

The pigsty must meet all sanitary standards and there must be no dirt there. To make it comfortable for animals, it must be light and warm. There should be no drafts in the room, otherwise the pigs may get sick.

After the walls and roof are built, the pigsty needs to be equipped. This will require the construction of pen partitions and installation of equipment. Some owners are in no hurry to equip their farm with modern innovations and completely in vain. Such equipment will reduce the number of workers and improve the quality of care. Investments in this area will quickly pay off.

If the owner buys used equipment, especially older models, then the price will, of course, be lower. However, such equipment is not very reliable and can fail at any time, and then the breeding farm may suffer losses. The owner will urgently need to repair or even purchase new equipment or premises that would be suitable for raising pigs. Such unplanned expenses can significantly affect business profitability.

In advanced farms, all aspects of animal care: feeding, water supply, cleaning - are almost completely automated. This has a positive effect on the health of pigs and on the volume of finished products.

How to choose a breed

Choosing a breed of domestic pigs is not so difficult; the main thing is to study the description of the desired breeds, get acquainted with the characteristics of the individuals, and watch photos and videos of pigs before purchasing.

Currently, a variety of pig breeds have been developed. They differ in the quality of meat (some are lard, some are bacon), climatic conditions, time to gain weight and fertility. First you need to find out which breed options are suitable for a given area, and only then, based on other criteria, choose the breed that will be grown.

To begin with, you don’t need to buy enough animals to fill all the pens. Even with a large pig farm, it is enough to house 350-400 pigs at first. Of this amount, approximately 15-20 animals are left for breeding. Of these, 2-3 are boars, and the rest are sows. The rest of the pigs will be fattened, and then the benefit will be received within six months. It is possible, if there are financial problems, to start with a smaller number of animals, and develop production gradually, in accordance with the availability of money, as well as in accordance with other factors.

Even at the stage of construction of a pig farm, the owner should think about settling it. To do this, you should visit other similar farms in the region. There it is worth agreeing on the possibility of purchasing breeding animals, finding out their pedigrees, and finding out all the features of this breed. Such attention to residents will allow us to solve the following problems:

• Avoid mating of related individuals. This is a very important point, since the offspring from such unions are not viable.
• Qualities such as weight gain and fertility are inherited. To avoid future problems with livestock growth, you need to immediately start high-quality producers.
• The profitability of the enterprise as a whole depends on the correct selection of breeding animals. The better the quality of the animals selected for the breed, the more profit the owner will receive in the future.

The so-called Vietnamese breed is now popular in many farms. These pigs really have a lot of undeniable advantages:

• they are fertile and bear a large number of piglets at a time;
• they gain weight quickly, so they are very cost-effective;
• they have excellent meat quality;
• they are characterized by unpretentiousness in care and fattening;
• They have stable immunity to various diseases.

Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs bring great benefits. The only condition is to ensure good care and take into account the characteristics of the breed. Animals need a place where they can roam. Siberian Northern and Large White pigs are also in demand. In addition to other positive qualities, these breeds are resistant to the cold climate, which is characteristic of most of our country.

Feeding pigs

To prevent a pig breeding enterprise from becoming unprofitable, when drawing up a business plan, you need to consider the issue of purchasing feed. If you purchase feed in small quantities, it may not be profitable, especially for a beginning farmer. With such costs, the profit from keeping animals will be small. It is more convenient to negotiate with the manufacturer and purchase feed in bulk.

You should choose suppliers based on recommendations or study product reviews from independent consumers. However, you shouldn’t save too much and buy low-quality food. Food should be nourishing, varied, and contain all the necessary substances and elements. Otherwise, the pigs will not gain weight well, and in some cases they may get sick. During periods of vitamin deficiency, animals must be given additional vitamins and mineral supplements.

Features of pig breeding

It is also worth resolving issues with the production of offspring by pigs in advance. Females and their children should be given special attention. If you plan to hire workers, then for this purpose it is better to choose a person experienced in this field, responsible and competent. The farm may also require the assistance of a livestock specialist and a veterinarian. Pig breeding specialists already have at least basic knowledge. This will help avoid mistakes that many novice owners make due to inexperience.

Proper mating and care of the female at the time when the offspring is expected, as well as monitoring the farrowing process, will avoid high mortality among newborn piglets, and this cannot but have a positive impact on the income that will come from maintaining a pig farm. If you follow simple rules for the care and maintenance of animals, even a novice farmer will be able to raise healthy and active animals.

Monetary component of the business plan

It is very important for the future pig farmer to know approximately how much profit he will receive from his activities. Let's give an example where all indicators are calculated for a population of 350-400 individuals. In a year, these pigs will eat approximately 30-35 tons of grain and 250-300 kg of additives to the main feed. To care for so many pigs, 4-5 people are needed. You can not only buy fodder crops, but also grow them yourself. If there is no such plot, then you need to initially decide on the issue of obtaining ownership of it. If the owner plans to grow food himself, he should also consider hiring workers for this purpose, purchasing seeds and equipment. All this will also need to be included in the business plan.

The business plan also takes into account the increase in livestock. For example, if there are 15 sows available, then you can get 150 piglets from them at a time. Pigs give birth to cubs 2 times a year, therefore, the herd growth will be 300 heads per year. Within a year, under normal conditions of care and fattening, piglets should reach a weight of at least 100 kg. It is worth paying attention to the breed of the animal, since such indicators will differ for different breeds. The owner receives about 50-60 kg of clean meat from each pig. This result is increased by the number of piglets. The resulting figure is multiplied by the cost of a kilogram of pork in the region.

The income will be approximately 3,150,000. From this amount, all expenses should be subtracted: food, personnel services, electricity bills and much more. Based on the market value of the above, the net income of the owner of a pig farm will be 1,000,000 rubles per year. Even if you start from scratch, the investment will pay for itself within 2-3 years. Then the enterprise will begin to bring significant profits to the owner.

It is worth considering that the figures given above are statistical averages. They may differ in different regions, so it is better for the future owner of a pig farm to make the necessary calculations himself. And having completed all the calculations, everyone can decide for themselves whether it is profitable for them to raise pigs or not.

Instructions

Register your farm with local tax authorities. This simple procedure will take you no more than 5 days. Draw up a farm business plan, taking into account the characteristics of your region (climate, infrastructure, and even the religion of the population).

Select a site for the construction of a pigsty and utility farm. It is advisable that your future pig farm be located near agricultural processing enterprises - this will help you save on feed. Rent a plot or an abandoned one. Be sure to rent a field for sowing forage crops.

Obtain a certificate from your local veterinary office regarding the sanitary conditions of the area. Please contact the environmental service. Register and coordinate waste disposal issues (biogas plant, removal to fields, etc.).

Build a pig farm or refurbish and repair an old one. If you rent a farm, be sure to check the condition of the ventilation, feeders and waterers. If possible, mechanize future production to the maximum so that there are no problems with timely feeding or waste disposal.

Purchase breeding boars, sows and piglets, but from different producers, to eliminate possible unwanted offspring caused by inbreeding. When choosing livestock, be sure to consult with experts or immediately hire specialists who will work for you in the future (livestock specialist, veterinarian).

Buy quality ones. Enter into agreements with processing plants in your area to use waste from their production (for example, whey) to feed pigs. Sow the field with forage crops (jerusalem artichoke, amaranth, etc., based on the climatic conditions of your region).

Hire staff. One of the conditions for employment in an enterprise such as a pig farm must be a certificate from a narcologist confirming the absence of alcohol dependence. This is a difficult but necessary condition.

Set up sales. Conclude agreements with processing enterprises and meat producers. You can sell pork yourself, but to do this you will need to equip refrigeration chambers and, if possible, open your own processing plant.

Video on the topic

Nowadays, many people organize their own small businesses, which is a good source of income with the right approach to business. If you love agriculture and pigs, then a mini farm is a good option.

Instructions

Build or find a suitable building for a pig farm. Recommended minimum room area is 6 m2; walking area – 10 m2. It is better to make two compartments: for resting/sleeping and for feeding. There should be a separate section for piglets. You can use logs and boards for construction. Fill the floor with concrete, and lay tarred boards on top in two layers.

Use polystyrene foam as insulation, and make the walls double. You can use panels. Make the roof single-pitched, plank, this will be enough, cover the top with roofing felt and slate - this is an economical and convenient option.

Feed the pigs food waste - bread, vegetables, leftover meat and fish, but they must first be prepared. Add 10–15 grams of suitable waste to a bucket with a thick mixture of waste, be sure to add salt (30 g of salt should be given per day), about 20 grams of bone ash. In summer, give it finely chopped; nettles and clover are great. Now ready-made granulated food is sold, which can be given either dry or steamed. Do not feed whole grains - pigs cannot fully digest them. Grain feed must be given in crushed form.

Pigs need to be fed three times a day: at 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00. After each meal, let them go for a walk. In the warm season, be sure to pour drinking water into the troughs on the walk and add fresh water. An adult pig consumes up to 10 kg of grass per day. Be sure to prepare food for the winter. Jerusalem artichoke is best suited. Calculation: 1-2 kg per head per day. You can feed mainly potatoes and mixed feed, but then the animals will have a lot of fat.

Remember that pigs are susceptible to stress and cannot tolerate drafts. To prevent stress, give a water tincture of valerian: pour 8-10 g of valerian roots with two glasses of boiling water, let it brew. Daily dose – 100 ml.

Sources:

• mini pigsty

Among other domestic animals, the pig has no equal in omnivorousness, speed of weight gain, volume of meat produced, as well as in its nutritional value and taste. The pig is highly fertile: unlike a cow, which gives birth to one calf per year, a pig can produce offspring of up to 14 piglets per farrowing, and during the year it can farrow twice with proper care.

For these reasons, pig farming is considered a very profitable activity - you will not only be able to fill your refrigerator with high-quality, tasty meat, but also, if you wish, money from selling pork. To start raising pigs yourself, you will need to choose the right breed, take care of proper feed and feed additives, timely monitor the onset of heat in sows and provide the necessary assistance when farrowing the pig.

Which breed of pig is better to choose?

Russian farmers breed both domestic and foreign breeds of pigs, which are conventionally divided into three main categories: fat-meat, meat-fat and bacon. Which one for your yard is up to you to decide.

Fatty meat breeds: Mirgorod, North Caucasian, Belarusian black and white. The color of pigs is black or black-and-white; they are distinguished by their light weight and quick greasy appearance.

Bacon breeds: popular Landrace and Estonian bacon. In appearance, pigs are white, long-eared, with an elongated body, with plump hams and loins. The yield of fat from this breed is low, the yield of meat is high.

Meat and fat breeds: Northern Siberian, Ukrainian Steppe White, Lithuanian White. Accordingly, the color of the animals is white, the pigs themselves are large, their adipose tissue is poorly developed, and their muscle tissue is well developed. Raising pigs of this breed is especially common in households, since they are suitable for both meat and bacon. Large white pigs are prolific, piglets gain weight of 100 kg in six months, and large boars reach 350-370 kg.

Recently, Vietnamese pigs have become increasingly popular, breeding them is very economically profitable. They require less feeding costs, due to their compactness they take up little space, are very fertile (up to 20 per farrowing), and have a bacon-like build.

Sexual heat, pregnancy and farrowing of pigs occur in much the same way as in other breeds of pigs. However, the owner must be present during childbirth - this way the sow will feel calmer, farrowing will be easier, and it is also necessary to ensure that newborn piglets receive mother’s milk in the first half hour of life, since they are born with a very small supply of nutrients.